suspended翻译

当地时间4月20日下午，经过近3周法庭审理，前白人警察德雷克·肖万（Derek Chauvin）被控杀害非洲裔男子乔治·弗洛伊德案在美国明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市宣判。

4月20日，人们得知肖万被控的谋杀和过失杀人等三项罪名全部成立后，在美国纽约巴克莱中心外聚集。

The jury swiftly and unanimously convicted Derek Chauvin of all the charges he faced – second- and third-degree murder, and manslaughter – after concluding that the white former Minneapolis police officer killed George Floyd in May through a criminal assault, by pinning him to the ground so he could not breathe.陪审团迅速作出一致判决，认为德雷克·肖万在去年5月乔治·弗洛伊德死亡案中，将其跪压在地导致其不能呼吸的行为构成刑事犯罪，因此，判定肖万二级谋杀、三级谋杀以及过失杀人三项罪名均成立。

【词汇讲解】

“Someone is convicted of+罪名”是一个正式的表达，表明这个人被法庭（陪审团）正式判定有罪，是有法律效力的，我们也可以用“the court/jury found someone guilty of +罪名”这个句式来替换，比如上文的句子就可以变成：the court/jury found him guilty of second-degree murder, third-degree murder and manslaughter；在法庭正式判决之前，这个人只能是“被告”（the defendant）或者“犯罪嫌疑人”（the suspect），这个人因什么罪名被警方正式指控就要用“someone is charged of + 罪名”或者其名词形式搭配“the police bring a charge of +罪名 against someone”来表示，比如：He was charged of theft/The police brought a charge of theft against him.

与此相反，“某人被判无罪”可以有三种表达：一个是someone is cleared of all charges，例句：She was cleared of all charges and walked out of the court right after the verdict. （她被判无罪，当庭释放。）另一个是acquittal，名词，是法院所做出的正式“无罪判决”，动词形式为someone is acquitted，如，Zimmerman is acquitted；还有一个是find someone not guilty，如：A jury found him not guilty of second-degree murder。

案件回顾

In a confrontation captured on video, Chauvin, a white veteran of the police force, pushed his knee into the neck of Floyd, a 46-year-old Black man in handcuffs, for more than nine minutes on May 25, 2020. Chauvin and three fellow officers were attempting to arrest Floyd, accused of using a fake $20 bill to buy cigarettes at a grocery store.冲突现场拍摄的一段视频显示，2020年5月25日，资深白人警察肖万将膝盖压在46岁的黑人男子弗洛伊德脖子上长达9分多钟，事发时弗洛伊德戴着手铐，因被指在一家杂货店用20美元的假钞买烟，肖万和其他三名警察正试图逮捕他。

Floyd\’s death prompted protests against raci and police brutality in many US cities and other countries last summer, even as the world grappled with the coronirus pandemic.去年夏天，新冠疫情肆虐全球之际，弗洛伊德之死在美国多个城市以及世界其他国家引发了针对种族主义以及警察暴力的抗议活动。

The Minneapolis Police Department fired Chauvin and the three other officers the day after Floyd’s murder. The three others are due to face trial later this year on aiding-and-abetting charges.明尼阿波利斯警察局在弗洛伊德死亡第二天就解雇了肖万和其他三名警察。这三名警察将在今年晚些时候以协助和教唆罪受审。

【词汇讲解】

这里的aiding-and-abetting也是一个正式的罪名说法，因为用在charge之前充当修饰限定成分，所以中间加了连字符，正常的名词写法是aiding and abetting，有时也会用accessory来替换。Aid我们都很熟悉，就是“协助、帮助”的意思，abet则表示“to help or encourage someone to do something wrong or illegal”，即“帮助或教唆某人做坏事或违法的事”，所以我们也可以用动词形式的aid and abet来表示相同的意思，比如：His accountant had aided and abetted him in the fraud.（他的会计在诈骗案中对他起到了协助和教唆的作用）。

八周后宣布量刑结果

After Judge Peter Cahill read and confirmed the verdict with the jury, he announced technical next steps.法官彼得·卡希尔宣读并与陪审团确认判决结果之后，宣布了之后的技术流程。

这张视频截图显示，4月20日，美国前白人警察德雷克·肖万在明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市听法官宣判。

Cahill said the court would look at written arguments from Derek Chauvin \”within one week\” and issue factual findings on it. Then they will order a pre-sentencing investigation report, \”returnable in four weeks.\” That will be followed by a briefing on the pre-sentencing investigation report six weeks from now and \”eight weeks from now we will he sentencing.\” 卡希尔表示，法庭将在一周内审阅肖万方的书面辩词，并公布事实性裁决。之后，法庭将要求出具裁决前调查报告，报告将在四周内返回。六周后进行裁决前调查报告简述会，八周后宣布量刑结果。

The maximum sentence for second-degree unintentional murder is imprisonment of not more than 40 years. The maximum sentence for third-degree murder is imprisonment of not more than 25 years. The maximum sentence for second-degree manslaughter is 10 years and/or $20,000.二级非故意谋杀最高刑期为40年以内，三级谋杀是25年以内，二级过失杀人的最高刑期为10年以及（或）2万美元罚款。

Under Minnesota sentencing guidelines, Chauvin faces 12-1/2 years in prison for his murder conviction as a first-time criminal offender.根据明尼苏达州的量刑原则，肖万作为谋杀刑事案初犯，或将面临12年半的刑期。

Prosecutors could seek a longer sentence of up to 40 years if Judge Peter Cahill determines that there were \”aggrating factors.\” 如果法官彼得·卡希尔认为该案有严重情节，检察官或可要求最高40年的刑期。

【相关词汇】

reasonable doubt 合理怀疑

search warrant 搜查令

suspended sentence 缓刑

warrant of arrest 逮捕令

original judgment 原判

ratify/affirm the original judgment 维持原判

cross-examination 交叉讯问

参考来源：卫报、路透社、CNN

（中国日报网英语点津 Helen）

来源：中国日报网